This working group focuses on transnational voluntary action from the 1880s to the present. It investigates how local, regional and national European welfare traditions have informed transnational organisations and how, in return, transnational welfare shapes local, regional and national welfare patterns. WG3 examines the forms of cooperation and conflict that have existed between local, regional and national welfare on the one hand, and transnational welfare on the other. It looks at transnational welfare organisations in relation to European states or regions, and international organisations such as the League of Nations, the UN and the EU. It also focuses on organizations that began inside Europe with an initially trans-European focus, such as Médecins sans frontiers, Save the Children, the International Council of Women, the Salvation Army, Red Cross International, or ATD Fourth World. Many of these NGOs reveal the important role played by religious organizations in this field (Catholic Church, the Quaker Movement, the Jewish Oeuvre de secours aux enfants (OSE), etc.). WG3 includes identifying transnational/international bodies that function in a triadic way. Save the Children, which began life post-war Vienna and Austria, seems to be one such body. We expect to find others.